Final answer:
The impairments most likely to necessitate residential long-term care are continence control and transferring. Challenges in these areas are often exacerbated by neurological conditions affecting the elderly and can be associated with cognitive disruptions or side effects of medication.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two impairments most likely to result in the need for residential long-term care are continence control and transferring. Difficulty with continence control can be both embarrassing and inconvenient, but when paired with challenges in transferring, such as the ability to move from bed to wheelchair, the need for assistance increases significantly. This difficulty can arise from various health conditions, including neurological conditions that affect the elderly, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, which can limit not only the physical ability to move but also cognitive functions for planning and executing tasks.
It's important to understand that all systems of the body are interrelated, and a change in one system, such as urinary continence, can affect others. Moreover, cognitive disruption from various causes, including side effects of medications like haloperidol, can also lead to difficulties in controlling fine movements or even coordinating simple tasks, thereby necessitating long-term care. Conditions like autism and developmental disabilities can also result in long-term care needs, particularly when accompanied by impaired intellectual functions or lowered intelligence.