Final answer:
The life of a plant shoot can be cut short by a lack of sunlight, nutrients, excessive water, or a deficit in carbon dioxide, all of which are essential for photosynthesis and growth. To extend its life, adding essential nutrients through fertilizer to the water reservoir can help.
Step-by-step explanation:
The longevity of a plant shoot is influenced by several factors that include light, water, nutrients, and atmospheric conditions. A plant shoot may not remain alive after a week due to a lack of sunlight and nutrients, which are fundamental for photosynthesis and growth. Sunlight is critical for photosynthesis, and without it, photosynthesis cannot occur, leading to a cessation of growth. Similarly, nutrients are necessary for various cellular functions, including growth and maintenance.
Excessive water intake can cause roots to become anaerobic, leading to poor growth or root death. Furthermore, the absence of carbon dioxide can reduce the photosynthetic rate as well. While light and carbon dioxide are immediately necessary for photosynthesis, nutrient recycling within the plant also plays a crucial role in sustaining life and growth.
To lengthen the life of a plant, additional substances that can be placed in the water reservoir include a balanced fertilizer with essential nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients, which plants require in varying amounts.