Final answer:
Central chemoreceptors, key in detecting changes in blood gases, are located on the ventrolateral surface of the medulla oblongata, ensuring vascular homeostasis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Central chemoreceptors are found in the ventrolateral surface of the medulla oblongata within the brain. These specialized receptors are crucial in sensing changes in hydrogen ion, oxygen, or carbon dioxide concentrations, which are vital parameters for physiological regulation. The central chemoreceptors play a key role in maintaining vascular homeostasis by signaling to both the cardiovascular and respiratory centers located in the medulla oblongata. Central chemoreceptors are found in the ventrolateral surface of the medulla oblongata in the central nervous system (CNS).