Final answer:
Childhood peak-incidence tumors are those that are most commonly diagnosed in children, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, brain tumors, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. These cancers are rare but significant, and close post-treatment monitoring of survivors is vital to detect any signs of relapse. Leukemia is the most prevalent, making up about a third of childhood cancer cases.
Step-by-step explanation:
Childhood peak-incidence tumors refer to the types of cancer that are most commonly diagnosed during childhood. Among the various types of cancers, childhood cancers are relatively rare. The most common childhood cancers include acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), brain tumors, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. During infancy and early childhood, the body undergoes significant growth and is susceptible to damage, which can lead to the development of these tumors. For instance, the germ cell tumor is often found in fetuses, babies, and young children, and typically located along the body's midline.
Close monitoring of cancer survivors is crucial, particularly in children who have been treated previously for tumors. For example, an elevated Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in a child treated for teratoma might indicate a relapse with an endodermal sinus tumor, highlighting the importance of vigilant post-treatment care.
It's important to recognize that leukemia is the primary type of cancer affecting children, comprising about one-third of all cases of childhood cancer, where the body produces abnormal white blood cells.