Final answer:
The Patriot Act was passed to aid law enforcement in combating terrorism by expanding surveillance capabilities, sparking discussions on the balance between security and civil liberties.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Patriot Act, officially known as the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, was passed to provide law enforcement with the necessary tools to fight terrorism within the United States. This act expanded the federal government's powers to legally conduct surveillance on individuals suspected of involvement in terrorist activities. Although it gave authorities enhanced capability to protect the nation, it also sparked debates regarding privacy and civil liberties.