Final answer:
The term for the excision of the pharyngeal tonsils is 'adenoidectomy.' This procedure may become necessary in children who have enlarged adenoids that lead to breathing difficulties or frequent infections.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that means excision of the pharyngeal tonsils is adenoidectomy. The pharyngeal tonsils, or adenoids, are lymphoid tissues located at the superior portion of the nasopharynx. These tonsils are part of the body's immune system and function to trap and destroy pathogens that enter the body through inhalation. Children often have larger pharyngeal tonsils which sometimes require removal in the case of recurring infections, as these tonsils can interfere with breathing and swallowing. An adenoidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove these tonsils, and it is typically performed when the adenoids become enlarged and obstruct airways or when they contribute to chronic infections, such as frequent ear or sinus infections.