Final answer:
Control loops on P&IDs illustrate the functional logic of how a control system works. They are used in engineering to visualize system regulation mechanisms through feedback loops for maintaining homeostasis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Control loops on P&IDs (Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams) depict the functional logic of how the control loop works. These diagrams are essential in engineering to understand the process control and instrumentation of a system. Control loops are not indicative of the real distance a signal must travel between instruments, nor are they instructions on how to take temperature readings or how to replace an electrical instrument.
Homeostasis is the concept that refers to the stable, balanced state of physiological systems in a body. The components that maintain homeostasis in feedback loops include receptors, control centers, effectors, and communication pathways. Homeostasis is regulated by both positive and negative feedback loops. A negative feedback loop works to correct a deviation from a setpoint and is exemplified by the body temperature control system, which brings temperature back to the normal range when it deviates. In contrast, a positive feedback loop amplifies a response until a specific event is completed, like in the physiological processes of blood clotting and childbirth.