Final answer:
Parkinson's disease is caused by the loss of dopamine neurons, leading to various motor and psychological symptoms. Treatments include L-DOPA and avoiding MAOIs when on dopamine replacements. Patients should increase fluids when on anticholinergics and be cautious of high doses of Vitamin B6.
Step-by-step explanation:
Parkinson's Disease and Treatment
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the depletion of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra. The signs of Parkinson's include tremors, slowed movement, speech changes, balance and posture problems, and rigid muscles. Nursing interventions focus on managing symptoms, providing patient education, and supporting physical and psychological needs. When taking anticholinergics, clients should increase fluid intake to avoid constipation. The medication commonly given to replace dopamine is L-DOPA. It's important not to take dopamine replacement medications with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) as this may lead to a hypertensive crisis. Clients taking Parkinson's drugs should follow a balanced diet, with moderate protein intake distributed throughout the day to help with medication absorption. Vitamin B6 should be avoided in high doses as it can decrease the effectiveness of L-DOPA.