Final answer:
Genital herpes is primarily spread through sexual contact and is caused by herpes simplex viruses HSV-1 and HSV-2. It can be transmitted even without visible sores and using condoms may not fully prevent transmission.
Step-by-step explanation:
Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by two types of viruses: herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). Genital herpes is primarily spread through sexual contact. This includes any form of intimate contact with the genitals, anus, or surrounding areas where the virus can be transmitted from an infected individual's lesions, mucous surfaces, or secretions. The infection can be spread whether or not visible sores are present, as the virus can be shed from normal-appearing skin. HSV-2 infection is more commonly transmitted from males to females. It is important to note that while using condoms can reduce the risk of transmission, it may not be fully effective, as herpes lesions can occur in areas not covered by a condom.