Final answer:
Asperger's Syndrome is a form of autism spectrum disorder, primarily characterized by social interaction impairments and repetitive behaviors, but without significant delays in language or cognitive development. It is a distinct condition from ADHD and is more common in males than females.
Step-by-step explanation:
Asperger's Syndrome is most accurately characterized as 1) A form of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Asperger's Syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder that falls under the umbrella of ASD. Individuals with Asperger's often exhibit impaired social interactions, repetitive behaviors, and abilities that can range from high-functioning to challenges with communication. Unlike some other forms of ASD, those with Asperger's Syndrome typically do not show significant cognitive or language development delays.
ASD itself is a broad range of conditions that involve various cognitive and behavioral impairments with varying levels of severity. Symptoms may include difficulty maintaining eye contact, interpreting social cues, and showing empathy, as well as engaging in repetitive motor behaviors like rocking, preoccupation with specific topics, and strict adherence to routines.
It's important to note that the prevalence of ASD has changed over the years, with current estimates indicating that about 1 in 54 children are diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. Additionally, ASD is four times more prevalent in males than females.
Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Asperger's Syndrome can present some overlapping symptoms, such as difficulties with focus and social interaction, they are distinct disorders. ADHD is characterized by an inability to maintain attention, impulsivity, and in some cases, hyperactivity, which are not core characteristics of Asperger's Syndrome.