Final answer:
Left turns on red are generally permitted only from a one-way street onto another one-way street, and this rule is widely accepted in the United States. Local traffic laws can vary, so it's important to check the laws in your jurisdiction. The scenario involving an emergency situation with a pregnant woman highlights the potential tension between strict adherence to traffic laws and ethical considerations influenced by Rule Utilitarianism.
Step-by-step explanation:
True or False: Left turns on red are permitted only when turning from a one-way street onto a one-way street. This statement is generally true. However, the rules regarding left turns on red can vary depending on the jurisdiction. In most places within the United States, for example, you are allowed to turn left on red when both the street you are on and the street you are turning into are one-way streets. But always make sure to check the local traffic laws as there are exceptions.
Regarding the scenario presented with a pregnant woman, it is important to note that traffic laws are in place for public safety and should be followed. In extreme emergencies, such as the one described, calling emergency services is a primary step. If one decides to proceed through the red light under such circumstances, they are taking on legal and safety risks. Although the goal is to maximize utility and do the morally good thing, as suggested by Rule Utilitarianism (RU), it is never recommended to break traffic laws without the presence of legal permissions, such as those given to emergency vehicles.