Final answer:
The act enacted as part of ARRA that affected privacy and security is the HITECH Act, which expanded HIPAA rules and regulations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The act that was enacted as part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) and affected privacy and security is the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act, commonly known as the HITECH Act. This legislation significantly expanded the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) rules by increasing legal liability for non-compliance and providing more stringent enforcement of HIPAA privacy and security regulations. As a part of ARRA, the HITECH Act aimed to promote the adoption and meaningful use of health information technology, but it also added new dimensions to HIPAA by addressing privacy and security concerns associated with the electronic transmission of health information.