Final answer:
The form given to patients when Medicare might not cover a service is the Advance Beneficiary Notice of Noncoverage (ABN). It is a safeguard for patients to acknowledge possible financial responsibility for services Medicare may not cover. ABN is the correct answer from the provided choices.
Step-by-step explanation:
The form provided to a patient to indicate a service may not be covered by Medicare and the patient may be responsible for the charges is the Advance Beneficiary Notice of Noncoverage (ABN). An ABN is a written notice that a doctor or supplier gives to a Medicare beneficiary before providing a service or item that may not be covered by Medicare. If Medicare doesn't pay for the items or services, the ABN establishes the patient's acknowledgment that they may be financially responsible. Option 4, ABN, is the correct answer among the provided choices.
Medicare Part A and Part B are critical components of the Medicare program. Part A pays for hospital-related expenses but requires a deductible and possible copayments, with no upper limit on total expenses. Part B is optional and covers health-care costs outside of hospital stays such as physician services, medical tests, and outpatient visits. Participants pay a monthly premium, deductible charges, and copayments, with the government contributing towards the costs.
The issue of 'moral hazard' arises when a person behaves more recklessly knowing that an insurance system will bear the cost, whereas 'adverse selection' occurs when those more likely to use medical services are also those most likely to purchase insurance, both affecting the Medicare system. These concepts are important when considering the structures of Medicare, Medicaid, and changes introduced by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA or Obamacare), which aims to address these issues within the broader healthcare system.