Final answer:
Yes, a private pilot with BasicMed certification and an instrument rating may file an IFR flight plan and act as PIC when flying in weather below VFR minimums, as long as they meet all the requirements for operation under IFR.
Step-by-step explanation:
As a private pilot operating under BasicMed and recently earning your instrument rating, you are indeed permitted to file an IFR flight plan and act as Pilot in Command (PIC) while operating in weather that is less than VFR minimums. This scenario assumes that you, as the pilot, hold a current and valid instrument rating, which certifies your competence to fly under instrument flight rules (IFR).
BasicMed is an alternative to the traditional FAA medical certification that still requires pilots to meet certain health and education requirements. With the BasicMed rule, provided you have completed a comprehensive medical examination within the past 48 months and an online medical education course within the past 24 months, you can act as PIC for certain operations. Importantly, you need to ensure your compliance with all the applicable regulations governing instrument flight, including maintaining proficiency and adhering to any restrictions or requirements attached to your BasicMed certification or your pilot's license.