Question

What medications decrease the heart rate, cause vasodilation, and lower blood pressure?

1) Medication A
2) Medication B
3) Medication C
4) D. Medication D

Answer 1

Medications such as ß-blockers (like metoprolol and propanolol) and calcium channel blockers decrease heart rate, cause vasodilation, and lower blood pressure, but must be prescribed carefully due to potential adverse effects like bradycardia.

Step-by-step explanation:

Medications That Decrease Heart Rate and Cause Vasodilation

Medications that decrease the heart rate, cause vasodilation, and lower blood pressure include a class known as ß-blockers. ß-blockers function by blocking the ß-receptors on heart muscles, which are normally stimulated by adrenaline. This action prevents the heart rate from increasing and promotes vasodilation, leading to a reduction in blood pressure. Common ß-blockers include metoprolol, which specifically blocks the ß1-receptor, and propanolol, which blocks ß-receptors more generally.

Another class of drugs that aid in decreasing heart rate and causing vasodilation are calcium channel blockers. These drugs lower blood pressure by inhibiting the flow of calcium into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells, resulting in a decrease in the strength of contraction and blood vessel contraction. Furthermore, drugs like nitroglycerin also work to relieve chest pain through vasodilation.

It's important to note that while these medications are effective, overprescription or incorrect dosing can lead to adverse effects like bradycardia or even heart stoppage. Therefore, they must be prescribed with careful consideration of the patient's condition.