Final answer:
A shopping mall or shopping center is the type of retail space described, featuring general merchandise and fashion stores in an enclosed environment, influenced by historic department stores such as Wanamaker's and Macy's.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of retail space that usually has businesses offering general merchandise and fashion, and is typically enclosed with inward-facing stores, is known as a shopping mall or a shopping center. These malls are designed to serve as one-stop shopping destinations with a wide variety of stores, including large department stores as anchors.
Regional malls and super-regional malls are examples, providing a climate-controlled shopping environment and a mix of stores that often include a combination of department stores, apparel stores, and various specialty retailers.
Historically, department stores like Wanamaker's in Philadelphia, Selfridge's in London, Macy's in New York, and Le Bon Marché in Paris have set the standard for retail by providing a grand shopping experience with a wide variety of products under one roof, influencing the modern enclosed shopping mall concept.