Question

Knockout mice are genetically engineered organisms in which scientists have nullified a gene of interest. What information is most likely provided to scientists through the study and use of knockout mice?

a) Scientists can create new breeds of mice by altering the mouse genome.
b) Genetic researchers can better understand the purpose of specific genes.
c) Biochemists can practice techniques for inserting fluorescent proteins into mice.
d) Biologists can increase the amount of recessive traits present in the mouse population.

Answer 1

Through the use of knockout mice, scientists gain insights into the function of specific genes, a process known as reverse genetics, making these mice crucial for understanding gene roles in development and disease.

Step-by-step explanation:

Knockout mice are genetically engineered organisms created by scientists to study the function of specific genes. These mice have had one or more genes intentionally 'knocked out', or made non-functional. Through the study and use of knockout mice, scientists obtain valuable information on gene function. This approach falls under the umbrella of reverse genetics, where researchers start with a known DNA sequence and mutate or remove it to observe the resultant phenotype and deduce the gene's role.

Therefore, the information most likely provided to scientists through the study and use of knockout mice is (b) Genetic researchers can better understand the purpose of specific genes. Knockout mice help in pinpointing the role of a gene in normal development and disease by observing the differences between normal mice and ones with the targeted gene inactivated.