Final answer:
Cells require Vitamin B12 to create coenzymes for processes like the transfer of methyl groups in folate metabolism. Vitamin B12 and folic acid are critical for new cell synthesis, and while folic acid is converted to its active form in the liver, Vitamin B12 must be ingested through the diet.
Step-by-step explanation:
The vitamin that cells require to make coenzymes for a variety of cellular processes, including the transfer of methyl groups (CH3) in the metabolism of folate, is Vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is crucial as a coenzyme in these processes, and it is particularly important for the synthesis of new cells, including erythrocytes, as well as for maintaining a healthy nervous system and assisting with blood cell formation.
Additionally, folic acid once ingested, is converted in the liver into its active coenzyme form, tetrahydrofolic acid (THF), with the help of NADPH+ and ascorbic acid. THF then participates in the transfer of methyl groups in various metabolic reactions. It’s important to note that the body cannot synthesize Vitamin B12; it must be obtained through diet or supplementation, especially for those adhering to vegan diets or in situations where dietary intake is deficient.