Final answer:
A significant portion, approximately 50% to 60%, of the human genome is made up of repeated sequences, with transposable elements being a major component.
Step-by-step explanation:
Approximately 50% to 60% of the human genome corresponds to repeated sequences. This repeated DNA can be highly repetitive or moderately repetitive. Among them, transposable elements account for a significant portion and can comprise as much as 45% of the genome. These elements are capable of moving around the genome and can vary in copy number. In contrast to prokaryotic genomes, which are mainly composed of unique sequences, the eukaryotic genomes, like the human genome, have a large fraction of their DNA as repetitive. The discovery that a substantial percentage of our genome is made up of these sequences was unexpected and has led to a greater understanding of genome complexity and regulation.