Final answer:
Lamina associated domains are significant regions of the human genome involved in regulating gene activity. While the provided information does not give an exact percentage of the genome that LADs comprise, they are likely to cover a large portion given the extensive regulatory landscape and RNA production. Over 20,000 genes encoded by the human genome demonstrate the complexity and intricate genome organization.
Step-by-step explanation:
In humans, lamina associated domains (LADs) are significant regions of the genome that interface with the nuclear lamina, providing structural support to the nucleus and playing a crucial role in gene regulation. These domains can cover a substantial portion of the human genome. Although the exact percentage of the genome comprised by LADs is not explicitly stated in the provided reference material, we can infer its importance considering that the human genome is extensively involved in the production of RNA and in regulatory functions.
It is known that at least three-quarters of the human genome is engaged in RNA production, with a significant part of this RNA contributing to the regulation of gene activity. Moreover, scientists have discovered about 4 million regulatory protein binding sites within the genome. Therefore, it implies that LADs, as regions contributing to such regulation, encompass a considerable fraction of the genomic landscape.
The human genome encodes over 20,000 genes, spread across 23 pairs of chromosomes, with only about 25 percent of the 3 billion base pairs forming genes and regulatory elements. Of this 25 percent, merely two percent actually code for proteins, demonstrating the complexity and intricate regulatory network involved in gene expression.