Final answer:
Arabidopsis thaliana is known for its small genome, rapid generation time, and large seed production, making it a preferred model organism for plant biology and genetic studies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The plant with an unusually small genome consisting of approximately 120 million base pairs, rapid generation time, and large seed production is Arabidopsis thaliana. This modest, small plant is widely used as a model organism in the study of plant biology and genetics. The Arabidopsis Genome Initiative has made significant contributions to our understanding of its genome, emphasizing its simplicity and efficiency which aids in rapid genetic studies and experimentation.
Characteristic traits of Arabidopsis thaliana, such as its short lifecycle and large seed yield, make it an ideal organism for genetic research and experimental studies. Its seeds are also noted for being packaged in a cottony tuft of hairs, which is mentioned in connection with numerous seed production.
Furthermore, as a model organism, Arabidopsis thaliana is not only a subject for genome mapping and genetic interactions but also for studies regarding traits common to invasive plant species, as described in studies on high seedling growth rates and specific leaf area.