Final answer:
Adapters are important in Illumina's massively parallel sequencing as they facilitate the efficient amplification, sequencing, and analysis of DNA fragments. They allow the fragments to bind to the flow cells and provide sequences for the attachment of primers and other necessary components. Adapters enable high-throughput sequencing.
Step-by-step explanation:
Adapters play a crucial role in Illumina's massively parallel sequencing. In this technique, DNA fragments are attached to adapters, which are short DNA sequences that allow the fragments to bind to the flow cells and undergo amplification. The adapters also contain sequences that allow for the attachment of primers and other necessary components for the sequencing process. By using adapters, the DNA fragments can be efficiently amplified, sequenced, and analyzed, enabling high-throughput sequencing.