Final answer:
The binding of RNA polymerase allows for the activation or induction of transcription. Transcription factors alter the specificity of RNA polymerase for a promoter, forming an initiation complex. The DNA unwinds in the transcription bubble to facilitate RNA synthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The binding of RNA polymerase allows for the activation or induction of transcription. Transcription factors are proteins that can alter the specificity of RNA polymerase for a promoter or set of promoters, making it more or less likely to bind to the promoter and initiate transcription.
The complex formed by the binding of transcription factors and RNA polymerase to the promoter is known as the initiation complex. Once RNA polymerase is bound to the promoter, the DNA double helix of a gene unwinds, creating a transcription bubble where RNA synthesis takes place.