Final answer:
The social learning theory proposes that antisocial personality disorder can result from modeling behaviors observed by individuals. This process can lead to antisocial effects, especially when children witness aggressive behavior or are exposed to violent media, resulting in learned aggression and desensitization to violence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The psychological perspective that holds antisocial personality disorder is the result of modeling is the social learning theory. This theory suggests that individuals, especially children, learn social behaviors by observing and imitating others. Notable research, including that by Bandura, highlights the impact of observational learning on the development of both prosocial and antisocial behaviors. For instance, children who witness their parents engage in aggressive acts may learn to exhibit similar behaviors themselves.
The steps in the modeling process include attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation. Each step plays a crucial role in the observational learning process, which can result in either prosocial effects, like kindness and honesty, or antisocial effects, such as aggression and violence. This learning process is influenced by family, media, and the environment, as shown in studies that link exposure to media violence with aggressive behavior in children.
Research by Murrell, Christoff, & Henning (2007) and various other studies on media violence and behavior further support the impact of modeling on antisocial behaviors. Exposure to violent media has been associated with an increase in antisocial behaviors, suggesting that repeated exposure to violent acts not only teaches those behaviors but also desensitizes individuals to violence.