Final answer:
Active transport is the membrane transport process that requires ATP for energy, moving substances against their concentration gradient.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of membrane transport that requires energy, often in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), is known as active transport. This process typically moves substances across a membrane against their concentration gradient, which means from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. Active transport often involves membrane proteins that act as 'pumps', and examples of this process include the sodium-potassium pump and vesicle transport. These membrane pumps work by utilizing ATP to transport various molecules or ions.