Final answer:
The transcribed collection of Jewish oral tradition is called the Talmud, which consists of the Mishnah and the Gemara. It provides guidance on Jewish law, ethics, rituals, and customs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Talmud is a vast and comprehensive compilation of Jewish oral law and commentary, encompassing legal, ethical, philosophical, and historical discussions. Divided into two main parts—the Mishnah and the Gemara—the Talmud serves as a central pillar of Jewish literature and thought.
The Mishnah, considered the core of the Talmud, consists of concise legal formulations and teachings attributed to various rabbis. These teachings cover a wide range of topics, including civil law, ritual practices, and moral conduct. The Mishnah provides a foundational framework for understanding Jewish law and tradition.
Complementing the Mishnah is the Gemara, a collection of commentaries and discussions that delve into the intricacies of the Mishnah. Recorded over several centuries, the Gemara reflects the diverse perspectives of different Jewish scholars across time and geography. These discussions often involve debates, anecdotes, and interpretations, creating a rich tapestry of Jewish legal and moral reasoning.
Together, the Mishnah and Gemara form the Talmud, which exists in two versions—the Babylonian Talmud and the Jerusalem Talmud—each with its own unique characteristics and historical context. The Talmud's enduring influence extends beyond religious observance, shaping Jewish intellectual and cultural traditions for centuries.