Final answer:
The directionality of genetic information flow includes the DNA coding strand being read 3' to 5', mRNA synthesized 5' to 3', and protein synthesized from N-terminus to C-terminus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the flow of genetic information from DNA to mRNA to protein, as described by the Central Dogma of molecular biology. During transcription, the DNA coding strand is read from the 3' to 5' direction, and mRNA is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction. The mRNA sequence is complementary to the DNA template strand and identical to the DNA coding strand, with the replacement of thymine (T) with uracil (U). During translation, the mRNA is then read in the 5' to 3' direction, with each set of three nucleotides (codon) dictating the addition of a specific amino acid to the growing protein chain. The protein is synthesized from the amino terminus (N-terminus) to the carboxyl terminus (C-terminus).