Final answer:
The phytochemical responsible for the red color in tomatoes is lycopene, a carotenoid that also has health benefits due to its antioxidant properties. Advances in genetic engineering have allowed for the creation of transgenic tomatoes with enhanced nutritional values.
Step-by-step explanation:
The phytochemical found in tomatoes and tomato products is lycopene, which is responsible for the bright red color. Lycopene is a type of polyene, a chemical compound with multiple double bonds which also belong to a larger group known as carotenoids. These compounds are not only important for the attractive colors they impart to vegetables and fruits, but also for their potential health benefits, such as their antioxidant properties that may help protect against cancer. In plants, carotenoids like lycopene help in the absorption of light energy used for photosynthesis and protect the plants by dissipating excess energy as heat.
Furthermore, advances in genetic engineering have led to the development of transgenic purple tomatoes, which are modified to contain higher levels of antioxidants, showcasing the potential for enhancing the nutritional value of tomatoes. The presence and roles of phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables underscore the complex interactions between dietary compounds and human health.