Final answer:
Non-systemic antacids are used to relieve heartburn and indigestion associated with GERD and ulcers. They work by neutralizing excess stomach acid. Care is needed to avoid side effects and they should not be confused with medications that reduce acid production.
Step-by-step explanation:
Non-systemic antacids are primarily prescribed to quickly relieve symptoms such as occasional heartburn and indigestion, which are common manifestations of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). These medications work by neutralizing excess stomach acid (HCl), which can cause discomfort and potential damage to the lining of the stomach and esophagus. Antacids like Tums and Alka Seltzer contain alkaline ions that engage in a simple proton transfer reaction with gastric acid to reduce acidity.
In addition to heartburn, antacids can help alleviate the "burning" pain and indigestion associated with ulcers. For ulcers caused by the use of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), switching to different pain relievers can assist in healing, while antibiotics are used to target infections caused by H. pylori. However, antacids should be used with caution, as certain types can cause side effects such as constipation or diarrhea, and some, like those containing calcium, may not be suitable for individuals prone to kidney stones.