Final answer:
True, acute renal failure can be the result of trauma, blood loss, poisoning, or drug injection, with varied causes grouped as pre-renal, intrinsic renal, and post-renal.
Step-by-step explanation:
True, acute renal failure can indeed be caused by trauma, blood loss, poisoning, or drug injection. Acute renal failure (ARF), also known as acute kidney injury (AKI), is a sudden and often reversible loss of kidney function, which can result from a variety of factors. Causes of ARF can be classified as pre-renal, intrinsic renal, and post-renal. Pre-renal causes include conditions that decrease blood flow to the kidneys, such as hypovolemia due to shock or dehydration. Intrinsic renal causes encompass damage directly to the kidney tissue, which can result from nephrotoxic drugs or toxins, leading to conditions such as acute tubular necrosis. Post-renal causes are related to obstruction of urine flow, for instance, due to kidney stones or an enlarged prostate. Symptoms may include decreased urine output, fluid imbalances, and electrolyte disturbances. Diagnosis often involves blood tests, urine tests, and imaging to determine the underlying cause and to differentiate between acute and chronic renal failure.