Final answer:
The question is about natural selection in Biology, which explains how individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, thus ensuring such traits persist in the population.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question being asked deals with a concept in Biology known as natural selection. This concept is the mechanism by which individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, thus passing these traits onto their offspring. The idea is rooted in the understanding that there is a fierce struggle for existence, and genetic variations within a population can lead to some individuals being more suited to the environment than others.
For example, internal fertilization can lead to more genetic variations, which potentially increases the survival rates of offspring. Moreover, long-term parental care typically results in healthier and more surviving offspring, although it may also raise the risk of rapid population increase if many offspring are produced. Finally, when environmental conditions change, those with beneficial genetic variability will be more likely to survive, successfully reproduce, and thus contribute more to the gene pool of the next generation.