Final answer:
All the options.
Over landers on the Oregon and California Trails faced natural obstacles such as rivers and streams, mountains and rugged terrain, extreme weather conditions, and a lack of food and water.
Step-by-step explanation:
The natural obstacles faced by over landers on the Oregon and California Trails included:
- **Rivers and streams:** Over landers had to cross several major rivers, such as the Platte River and the Snake River, often risking their lives during dangerous crossings.
- **Mountains and rugged terrain:** The trails passed through the Rocky Mountains, the Sierra Nevada, and other mountainous regions, which presented steep slopes and difficult paths for wagons and livestock.
- **Extreme weather conditions:** Over landers encountered extreme heat in the deserts and freezing temperatures in the mountains, which posed a threat to their safety and survival.
- **Lack of food and water:** The vast distances between settlements made it challenging to find adequate food and water supplies along the trails, leading to hunger, dehydration, and starvation.