Question

. Which of these characteristics are innate?

A. Found in all multicellular plants and animals
B. Receptors are encoded in the germline
C. Recognize broad classes of pathogens
D. Responds more quickly upon secondary exposure to pathogens
E. A, B, and C

Answer 1

Receptors being encoded in the germline and recognizing broad classes of pathogens are characteristics that are innate.

Step-by-step explanation:

The characteristics that are innate are Receptors are encoded in the germline (B) and Recognize broad classes of pathogens (C). In the innate immune system, receptors are present on the cell surface and are encoded in the germline, meaning they are already present at birth and inherited from parents. These receptors are able to recognize broad classes of pathogens, allowing the immune system to respond quickly to a wide range of potential threats.