Question

Match the target of the G protein with the appropriate signaling outcome.

adenylyl cyclase ____1____
ion channels ____2_____
phospholipase C ____3_____
A. cleavage of inositol phospholipids
B. increase in cAMP levels
C. changes in membrane potential

Answer 1

Adenylyl cyclase activation leads to an increase in cAMP levels, ion channels can change the membrane potential, and phospholipase C cleaves inositol phospholipids.

Step-by-step explanation:

In the G-protein signaling pathway, different targets of G protein lead to specific signaling outcomes.

1. Adenylyl cyclase is a target of G protein that catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cAMP. This leads to an increase in cAMP levels, which activates protein kinase A (PKA) and initiates a phosphorylation cascade that ultimately alters gene expression.
2. Ion channels are another target of G protein. Activation of G protein can change the membrane potential by opening or closing ion channels, thereby altering the flow of ions across the cell membrane.
3. Phospholipase C is a target of G protein that cleaves inositol phospholipids, producing inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). IP3 releases calcium ions from intracellular stores, leading to changes in cellular processes.