Final answer:
The chambers of a teleost fish heart include the sinus venosus, atrium, ventricle, and bulbus arteriosus, enabling a single circuit of blood flow for oxygenation at the gills before systemic circulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question regarding the chambers of the teleost fish heart would be: d. sinus venosus, atrium, ventricle, and bulbus arteriosus. Teleost fish, as illustrated in Figure 31.4a and 40.4a, have a heart with four chambers including the sinus venosus, atrium, ventricle, and bulbus arteriosus. The sinus venosus receives deoxygenated blood from the body, which then flows into the atrium. The atrium pumps the blood into the ventricle, and from there it is sent to the gills via the bulbus arteriosus for oxygenation before circulating to the rest of the body. This structural arrangement allows for a single circuit of blood flow, which is typical of fish, and contrasts with the anatomical complexity of hearts found in amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.