Final answer:
Eli Whitney is incorrectly identified as the father of scientific management; the correct figure is Frederick W. Taylor, who pioneered these principles to increase industrial efficiency.
Step-by-step explanation:
Eli Whitney is not known as the father of scientific management. That distinction belongs to Frederick W. Taylor, an engineer from Pennsylvania who introduced the concept of scientific management in industry. Whitney, however, made significant contributions to the Industrial Revolution through his invention of the cotton gin and the development of interchangeable parts for firearms, which led to a standardization in manufacturing that had profound economic effects. Taylor's work focused on the optimization and efficiency of industrial production by eliminating unnecessary steps and reducing wasteful motions, thus conceiving a new era in factory management and labor organization.