Final answer:
Barbara McClintock conducted the examination of the maize chromosome and concluded that homologous recombination occurs during meiosis and is responsible for genetic variation and the reshuffling of genes on chromosomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Barbara McClintock conducted the examination of the maize chromosome. In her experiment, she demonstrated the crossover of homologous chromosomes in corn plants. She concluded that homologous recombination occurs during meiosis and is responsible for genetic variation and the reshuffling of genes on chromosomes.