Final answer:
The style of music that is a fusion of jazz and classical idioms is called Third Stream. It emerged as a new genre that combined the improvisational elements of jazz with the structured harmony and form of classical music, particularly gaining ground during the culturally rich period of the Harlem Renaissance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The fusion of jazz and classical idioms in music is known as Third Stream. This genre blends the complex harmonies and structures of classical music with the improvisational elements and rhythms of jazz. The term was first coined by composer Gunther Schuller in 1957 and reflects a musical style that seeks to break down the barriers between classical Western art music and American jazz.
Third Stream music became a space for creative exchange, allowing musicians trained in classical and jazz traditions to collaborate and explore new musical landscapes. Notable jazz artists like Charlie “Bird” Parker and others who performed at venues such as Harlem's famous Cotton Club, contributed to the development of new and exciting musical styles that incorporated both jazz and classical elements.
Furthermore, historic movements like the Harlem Renaissance provided a backdrop for much of this artistic innovation, where jazz musicians played a pivotal role in the cultural and social dynamics of the period, resonating with the literary and artistic expressions of African American creators like Zora Neale Hurston.