Question

Which of the following countries experienced a breakup among ethnic fault lines ("balkanization") in the 1990s?

a) Poland
b) Denmark
c) France
d) Germany
e) Yugoslavia

Answer 1

e) Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia experienced a breakup along ethnic fault lines in the 1990s, leading to a series of conflicts and the eventual formation of several independent nations such as Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, and later, Montenegro and Kosovo. This process is often referred to as "balkanization."

Answer 2

Yugoslavia experienced balkanization in the 1990s, breaking up into several countries along ethnic fault lines as a result of rising nationalism and the decline of Communism after the death of Tito.

Step-by-step explanation:

The country that experienced balkanization in the 1990s was Yugoslavia. The term 'balkanization' refers to the geopolitical process of fragmentation of a region into smaller, often hostile, entities along ethnic lines. After the death of Josip Broz Tito in 1980, ethnic and religious tensions which had been kept in check during his leadership, began to surface. Communism in Europe was on the decline, leading to increased nationalistic sentiments and the eventual disintegration of Yugoslavia into several independent countries, including Croatia, Slovenia, Macedonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, each with its distinct ethnic majorities.