Final answer:
The income statement prepared for external parties, known as absorption-costing income, assigns all manufacturing costs to the product.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is d. Manufacturing costs are fully assigned to the product. The income statement prepared for external parties, known as absorption-costing income, assigns all manufacturing costs to the product. This includes direct materials, direct labor, and both fixed and variable overhead costs. By fully assigning these costs to the product, absorption costing provides a comprehensive view of the cost of producing each unit, allowing for accurate pricing decisions and evaluation of profitability.