Final answer:
The adrenal medullary hormones, epinephrine and norepinephrine, have similar effects on the body as the neurotransmitter epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Step-by-step explanation:
Epinephrine and norepinephrine, which are produced by the adrenal medulla, have similar effects as neurotransmitters. They bind to beta-1 receptors and open sodium and calcium ion channels, leading to increased depolarization and shortened repolarization. These hormones are released in response to stress, fear, anger, exercise, and hypoglycemia.
In summary, the adrenal medullary hormones, epinephrine and norepinephrine, have similar effects on the body as the neurotransmitter epinephrine and norepinephrine, causing changes in heart rate, breathing rate, muscle contractions, and blood glucose levels.