Question

Which of the organelles contains its own DNA?

A) mitochondria
B) lysosomes
C) rough endoplasmic reticulum
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
E) Golgi apparatus

Answer 1

A) mitochondria

Step-by-step explanation:

A)Mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cell, contain their own DNA, distinct from the nuclear DNA found in the cell's nucleus. This DNA encodes essential genes involved in mitochondrial function, allowing these organelles to autonomously control some aspects of their replication and maintenance.

Firstly, lysosomes (Option B) are membrane-bound organelles involved in cellular waste disposal and lack their own DNA. Secondly, both the rough endoplasmic reticulum (Option C) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (Option D) are involved in protein and lipid synthesis, respectively, but do not possess independent DNA. Lastly, the Golgi apparatus (Option E) is responsible for processing and packaging proteins but does not contain its own DNA.

Mitochondria's possession of their own genetic material is a result of their evolutionary origin from symbiotic bacteria. The endosymbiotic theory proposes that mitochondria originated from free-living bacteria engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells. Over time, a mutually beneficial relationship developed, leading to the integration of these bacteria as mitochondria within eukaryotic cells. This evolutionary history explains why mitochondria retain their own DNA and replicate independently of the cell's nuclear DNA. Understanding the unique characteristics of organelles enhances our comprehension of the complex architecture and functions within eukaryotic cells.

Answer 2

The organelle that contains its own DNA is the mitochondria.

Step-by-step explanation:

The organelle that contains its own DNA is the mitochondria. Mitochondria are responsible for producing energy within the cell through a process called cellular respiration. They have their own DNA, known as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is separate from the DNA found in the cell's nucleus.