Final answer:
It's called convergent evolution when two species in similar environments evolve the same adaptations independently due to comparable selection pressures.
Step-by-step explanation:
When two species experience similar environments and evolve the same adaptations, it is known as convergent evolution. This phenomenon occurs when different species face similar selection pressures and independently develop similar traits or functionalities. An example of convergent evolution can be observed in the similar adaptations for flight that have arisen in both insects and birds, despite these groups not sharing a recent common ancestor. Instead of common ancestry, the environmental challenges and benefits, such as the need to escape predators or efficiently hunt for food, drive the natural selection process, leading to the development of comparable adaptations in species occupying similar niches.