Question

HIV initiates replication by latching on to which two proteins?

a) CD4 and CCR5 (a coreceptor)
b) A coreceptor and an integrator
c) Delta32 and CCR5
d) TCR and CD4
e) CD4 and CCR32 (a coreceptor)

Answer 1

HIV attaches to the CD4 receptor and a co-receptor such as CCR5 or CXCR4 on the surface of T cells to initiate replication. The mutation CCR5-delta 32 provides resistance against HIV by producing an altered receptor that prevents effective binding of the virus.

Step-by-step explanation:

HIV initiates replication by latching on to two proteins on the surface of human cells. These proteins are the CD4 receptor and a co-receptor, which can be either CCR5 or CXCR4. The CD4 receptor is a glycoprotein found on T cells that plays a crucial role in the immune system by helping white blood cells communicate.

The co-receptor, often CCR5, is used by HIV in conjunction with CD4 to gain entry into the cell. Individuals with a particular mutation known as CCR5-delta 32 in the gene encoding CCR5 have a reduced susceptibility to HIV infection, as this mutation leads to the production of a receptor to which HIV cannot effectively bind.