Question

With regard to the type of B-cell response generated, protein antigens typically provoke which of the following responses?

A. TI-1
B. TI-2
C. TD
D. Both A and B
E. None of the above

Answer 1

Protein antigens generally result in a T cell-dependent (TD) immune response, necessitating the involvement of T cells for B cell activation and antibody production.

Step-by-step explanation:

Protein antigens typically provoke a T cell-dependent (TD) B-cell immune response. This means that for B cells to be activated and produce antibodies in response to protein antigens, they require help from T cells. The B cells function as antigen-presenting cells (APC), presenting the protein epitopes with MHC II to helper T cells. T-dependent antigens, like proteins, do not readily crosslink surface antibodies on B cells without the involvement of T cells, which provide necessary additional signals through cytokines for complete activation of B cells.