Final answer:
Proteins synthesized for secretion and lysosomal functions include secretory proteins, membrane proteins, and organelle proteins. Vesicles target acceptor membranes through the process of membrane fusion, facilitated by SNARE proteins.
Step-by-step explanation:
The types of proteins synthesized for secretion and lysosomal functions include secretory proteins, membrane proteins, and organelle proteins. Secretory proteins are synthesized and packaged into secretory vesicles that release their contents outside the cell. Membrane proteins are inserted into the plasma membrane of the cell. Organelle proteins are proteins that will end up inside organelles in the cell, such as lysosomes.
Vesicles target acceptor membranes through a process called membrane fusion. The vesicle membrane and the acceptor membrane come into close proximity and merge together, allowing the contents of the vesicle to be released into the acceptor membrane. This fusion is facilitated by proteins called SNARE proteins.
For example, secretory vesicles containing secretory proteins fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing their contents outside the cell. Lysosomes, which contain hydrolytic enzymes, fuse with other organelles to degrade their contents.