Final answer:
GERD, characterized by inflammation, erosion, and ulceration of the esophagus, is caused by the reflux of acid into the esophagus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The reflux of acid into the esophagus can produce GERD, which is characterized by inflammation, erosion, and ulceration of the esophagus. GERD stands for gastroesophageal reflux disease. It is a chronic condition that occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter, a valve between the esophagus and stomach, weakens or relaxes inappropriately, allowing stomach acid to flow back up into the esophagus.