Final answer:
In the presence of galactose, the expression levels of GAL1, GAL2, GAL7, and GAL10 are increased compared to the absence of galactose.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the presence of the sugar galactose, the expression levels of GAL1, GAL2, GAL7, and GAL10 are increased as compared to the absence of galactose. The lac operon, which is responsible for the regulation of lactose metabolism in bacteria, is activated in the presence of galactose. Galactose acts as an inducer for the lac operon, causing the release of a repressor protein and allowing for the transcription of the genes GAL1, GAL2, GAL7, and GAL10.