Final answer:
Chemical synapse is the most prevalent type of synapse in the nervous system, involving the release of neurotransmitters that bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of synapse that is most prevalent in the nervous system is chemical synapse. Chemical synapses occur when a neurotransmitter is released from the presynaptic neuron and diffuses across the synaptic cleft to bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, causing a change in the postsynaptic membrane. This type of synapse is involved in the majority of signal transmission between neurons in the nervous system.