Final answer:
Tracts of axons that communicate information between the brain and the rest of the body are known as columns (B). The term for a bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system is nerve (d). The dorsal column system and spinal nerves are key components in the transmission of sensory and motor information.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Spinal Cord Anatomy
To match the terms with their descriptions, we should identify that tracts of axons that transfer information to and from the brain are referred to as columns (B). These ascending and descending tracts of nervous system fibers carry sensory information up to the brain and motor commands from the brain, respectively.
The answer to the question regarding the bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system is a nerve (d). Expressly, the dorsal column system begins with the axon of a dorsal root ganglion neuron entering the dorsal root and joining the dorsal column white matter in the spinal cord. This system carries information about touch and proprioception, while the spinothalamic tract carries information about pain and temperature sensation.
The spinal nerves contain afferent axons from sensory receptors and efferent axons traveling to the muscles. The sensory neuron cell bodies are grouped in structures called dorsal root ganglia.